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008 | 130829t20002000enkabd ob 001 0 eng d | ||
020 | _z0851994423 (alk. paper) | ||
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_aCtWfDGI _beng _erda _cCtWfDGI |
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043 | _ae------ | ||
050 | 1 | 4 |
_aQK938.F6 _bV47 2000eb |
082 | 0 | 4 |
_a577.3/18/094 _223 |
100 | 1 |
_aVera, F. W. M., _eauthor. |
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245 | 1 | 0 |
_aGrazing ecology and forest history / _cF.W.M. Vera, Ministry of Agriculture, Nature Management and Fisheries, Strategic Policies Division, The Hague, The Netherlands. |
264 | 1 |
_aWallingford, Oxfordshire, UK : _bCABI, _c2000. |
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264 | 4 | _c2000 | |
300 |
_a1 online resource (xix, 506 pages) : _billustrations, maps, charts |
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336 |
_atext _btxt _2rdacontent |
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_acomputer _bc _2rdamedia |
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_aonline resource _bcr _2rdacarrier |
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520 | 3 | _aIt is a widely held belief that a climax vegetation of closed forest systems covered the lowlands of Central and Western Europe before man intervened in prehistoric times to develop agriculture. If this intervention had not taken place, the forest would still be there, and if left the grassland vegetation and fields now present would revert to a natural closed forest state, although with a reduced number of wild species. This book, which an updated and expanded version of the author's 1997 thesis (presented to the Wageningen University, Netherlands), challenges the traditional view, using examples from history, pollen analyses and studies on the ecology of tree and shrub species such as oak and hazel. It tests the hypothesis that the climax vegetation is a closed canopy forest, against the alternative hypothesis that species composition and vegetational succession were governed by large herbivores, and that the Central and Western European lowlands were covered by a park-like landscape consisting of grasslands, scrub, solitary trees and groves bordered by a mantle and fringe vegetation. Comparative information from the eastern USA is also included throughout the book (this was not present in the thesis), because the forests there are commonly regarded as being analogous to the primeval vegetation in Europe. The book is arranged in 7 chapters: (1) General introduction and formulation of the problem; (2) Succession, the climax forest and the role of large herbivores; (3) Palynology, the forest as climax in prehistoric times and the effects of humans; (4) The use of the wilderness from the Middle Ages up to 1900; (5) Spontaneous succession in forest reserves in the lowlands of Western and Central Europe - including examples from France, Germany, Austria, Slovenia, Sweden, Poland; (6) Establishment of trees and shrubs in relation to light and grazing; and (7) Final synthesis and conclusions. Twelve appendices are included giving further information, and there are 67 pages of references and a subject index. | |
504 | _aIncludes bibliographical references and index. | ||
505 | 0 | _aGeneral Introduction and Formulation of the Problem -- Succession, the Climax Forest and the Role of Large Herbivores -- Palynology, the Forest as Climax in Prehistoric Times and the Effects of Humans -- The Use of the Wilderness from the Middle Ages up to 1900 -- Spontaneous Succession in Forest Reserves in the Lowlands of Western and Central Europe -- Establishment of Trees and Shrubs in Relation to Light and Grazing -- Final Synthesis and Conclusions. | |
506 | _aAccess limited to subscribing institution. | ||
530 | _aAlso available in print format. | ||
588 | _aTitle from PDF title page (viewed August 29, 2013). | ||
650 | 0 |
_aForest dynamics _zEurope. |
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650 | 0 |
_aPlant succession _zEurope. |
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650 | 0 |
_aRange ecology _zEurope. |
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650 | 0 |
_aForests and forestry _zEurope _xHistory. |
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650 | 4 | _aHistory and Biography. | |
650 | 4 | _aPalaeontology and Archaeology. | |
650 | 4 | _aForests and Forest Trees (Biology and Ecology) | |
650 | 4 | _aAgroforestry and Multipurpose Trees: Community, Farm and Social Forestry. | |
650 | 4 | _aLand Resources. | |
650 | 4 | _aGrasslands and Rangelands. | |
650 | 4 | _aBiological Resources (General) | |
650 | 4 | _aBiological Resources (Plant) | |
650 | 4 | _aPlant Ecology. | |
650 | 4 | _aAnimal Ecology. | |
650 | 7 |
_aPlants. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aAgriculture. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aBotanical composition. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aClimax communities. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aForest ecology. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aForests. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aGrasslands. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aGrazing. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aHerbivores. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aHistory. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aLand use. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aLandscape ecology. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aLight. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aLowland areas. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aNatural grasslands. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aNature reserves. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aPalaeoecology. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aPalynology. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aParks. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aPlant ecology. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aPlant succession. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aPollen analysis. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aReserved forests. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aScrub. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aShrubs. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aStand establishment. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aSynecology. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aTrees. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aVegetation types. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aWilderness. _2cabt |
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650 | 7 |
_aWoody plants. _2cabt |
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655 | 0 | _aElectronic books. | |
690 | _aBB500 | ||
690 | _aBB700 | ||
690 | _aKK100 | ||
690 | _aKK600 | ||
690 | _aPP300 | ||
690 | _aPP350 | ||
690 | _aPP700 | ||
690 | _aPP720 | ||
690 | _aZZ331 | ||
690 | _aZZ332 | ||
710 | 2 |
_aC.A.B. International, _eissuing body. |
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776 | 0 | 8 |
_iPrint version: _aVera, F. W. M. _tGrazing ecology and forest history. _dWallingford, Oxon ; New York, NY : CABI Pub., c2000. _z0851994423 _w(DLC)00029249 |
856 | 4 | 0 |
_uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9780851994420.0000 _zClick here to access resource |
942 | _cEB | ||
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_c312786 _d312786 |