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008 130829t20002000enkabd ob 001 0 eng d
020 _z0851994423 (alk. paper)
040 _aCtWfDGI
_beng
_erda
_cCtWfDGI
043 _ae------
050 1 4 _aQK938.F6
_bV47 2000eb
082 0 4 _a577.3/18/094
_223
100 1 _aVera, F. W. M.,
_eauthor.
245 1 0 _aGrazing ecology and forest history /
_cF.W.M. Vera, Ministry of Agriculture, Nature Management and Fisheries, Strategic Policies Division, The Hague, The Netherlands.
264 1 _aWallingford, Oxfordshire, UK :
_bCABI,
_c2000.
264 4 _c2000
300 _a1 online resource (xix, 506 pages) :
_billustrations, maps, charts
336 _atext
_btxt
_2rdacontent
337 _acomputer
_bc
_2rdamedia
338 _aonline resource
_bcr
_2rdacarrier
520 3 _aIt is a widely held belief that a climax vegetation of closed forest systems covered the lowlands of Central and Western Europe before man intervened in prehistoric times to develop agriculture. If this intervention had not taken place, the forest would still be there, and if left the grassland vegetation and fields now present would revert to a natural closed forest state, although with a reduced number of wild species. This book, which an updated and expanded version of the author's 1997 thesis (presented to the Wageningen University, Netherlands), challenges the traditional view, using examples from history, pollen analyses and studies on the ecology of tree and shrub species such as oak and hazel. It tests the hypothesis that the climax vegetation is a closed canopy forest, against the alternative hypothesis that species composition and vegetational succession were governed by large herbivores, and that the Central and Western European lowlands were covered by a park-like landscape consisting of grasslands, scrub, solitary trees and groves bordered by a mantle and fringe vegetation. Comparative information from the eastern USA is also included throughout the book (this was not present in the thesis), because the forests there are commonly regarded as being analogous to the primeval vegetation in Europe. The book is arranged in 7 chapters: (1) General introduction and formulation of the problem; (2) Succession, the climax forest and the role of large herbivores; (3) Palynology, the forest as climax in prehistoric times and the effects of humans; (4) The use of the wilderness from the Middle Ages up to 1900; (5) Spontaneous succession in forest reserves in the lowlands of Western and Central Europe - including examples from France, Germany, Austria, Slovenia, Sweden, Poland; (6) Establishment of trees and shrubs in relation to light and grazing; and (7) Final synthesis and conclusions. Twelve appendices are included giving further information, and there are 67 pages of references and a subject index.
504 _aIncludes bibliographical references and index.
505 0 _aGeneral Introduction and Formulation of the Problem -- Succession, the Climax Forest and the Role of Large Herbivores -- Palynology, the Forest as Climax in Prehistoric Times and the Effects of Humans -- The Use of the Wilderness from the Middle Ages up to 1900 -- Spontaneous Succession in Forest Reserves in the Lowlands of Western and Central Europe -- Establishment of Trees and Shrubs in Relation to Light and Grazing -- Final Synthesis and Conclusions.
506 _aAccess limited to subscribing institution.
530 _aAlso available in print format.
588 _aTitle from PDF title page (viewed August 29, 2013).
650 0 _aForest dynamics
_zEurope.
650 0 _aPlant succession
_zEurope.
650 0 _aRange ecology
_zEurope.
650 0 _aForests and forestry
_zEurope
_xHistory.
650 4 _aHistory and Biography.
650 4 _aPalaeontology and Archaeology.
650 4 _aForests and Forest Trees (Biology and Ecology)
650 4 _aAgroforestry and Multipurpose Trees: Community, Farm and Social Forestry.
650 4 _aLand Resources.
650 4 _aGrasslands and Rangelands.
650 4 _aBiological Resources (General)
650 4 _aBiological Resources (Plant)
650 4 _aPlant Ecology.
650 4 _aAnimal Ecology.
650 7 _aPlants.
_2cabt
650 7 _aAgriculture.
_2cabt
650 7 _aBotanical composition.
_2cabt
650 7 _aClimax communities.
_2cabt
650 7 _aForest ecology.
_2cabt
650 7 _aForests.
_2cabt
650 7 _aGrasslands.
_2cabt
650 7 _aGrazing.
_2cabt
650 7 _aHerbivores.
_2cabt
650 7 _aHistory.
_2cabt
650 7 _aLand use.
_2cabt
650 7 _aLandscape ecology.
_2cabt
650 7 _aLight.
_2cabt
650 7 _aLowland areas.
_2cabt
650 7 _aNatural grasslands.
_2cabt
650 7 _aNature reserves.
_2cabt
650 7 _aPalaeoecology.
_2cabt
650 7 _aPalynology.
_2cabt
650 7 _aParks.
_2cabt
650 7 _aPlant ecology.
_2cabt
650 7 _aPlant succession.
_2cabt
650 7 _aPollen analysis.
_2cabt
650 7 _aReserved forests.
_2cabt
650 7 _aScrub.
_2cabt
650 7 _aShrubs.
_2cabt
650 7 _aStand establishment.
_2cabt
650 7 _aSynecology.
_2cabt
650 7 _aTrees.
_2cabt
650 7 _aVegetation types.
_2cabt
650 7 _aWilderness.
_2cabt
650 7 _aWoody plants.
_2cabt
655 0 _aElectronic books.
690 _aBB500
690 _aBB700
690 _aKK100
690 _aKK600
690 _aPP300
690 _aPP350
690 _aPP700
690 _aPP720
690 _aZZ331
690 _aZZ332
710 2 _aC.A.B. International,
_eissuing body.
776 0 8 _iPrint version:
_aVera, F. W. M.
_tGrazing ecology and forest history.
_dWallingford, Oxon ; New York, NY : CABI Pub., c2000.
_z0851994423
_w(DLC)00029249
856 4 0 _uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9780851994420.0000
_zClick here to access resource
942 _cEB
999 _c312786
_d312786