This book focuses on descriptions of the extent of use of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crops and the emerging problem of resistance, recent progress in elucidating the mechanism of action of Bt toxins and describing the different resistance mechanisms and strategies for coping with resistance in the field. There are four sections. In the first section ('The extent of use of Bt crops and the emerging problem of resistance'), five chapters summarize the successes and failures of this technology both worldwide and in particular countries that have adopted this technology. The second part of the book ('Mechanism of action of Bt toxins and different resistance mechanisms'), containing six chapters, describes different models of the mode of action of Bt Cry (or crystal) toxins and the different mechanisms of resistance that have been described to date. The third section ('Strategies to counter resistance'), which has 4 chapters, describes novel methodologies to counter or delay resistance to Bt crops. Overall, this section provides insight into future technology that may be available to maintain the efficacy of Bt crops for pest control. The two chapters in the final section, entitled 'Insect Resistance Management and Integrated Pest Management', discuss the use of insect pest management or IPM, with emphasis on only using pest control strategies when needed, such as when pest populations exceed predetermined economic injury levels.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Preface / Alejandra Bravo, Mario Soberón and Yulin Gao -- Successes and Failures of Transgenic Bt Crops : Global Patterns of Field-evolved Resistance / Bruce E. Tabashnik and Yves Carrière -- Status of Resistance to Bt Cotton in China : Cotton Bollworm and Pink Bollworm / Yulin Gao, Chenxi Liu, Yidong Wu and Kongming Wu -- Insect Resistance to Bt Toxins in Brazil and Latin America / Rose Monnerat, Erica Martins, Paulo Queiroz, Lilian Praça and Carlos Marcelo Soares -- Resistance of Busseola fusca to Cry1Ab Bt Maize Plants in South Africa and Challenges to Insect Resistance Management in Africa / Johnnie Van den Berg and Pascal Campagne -- Resistance of Cabbage Loopers to Btk in a Greenhouse Setting : Occurrence, Costs, Spread and Management / Alida Janmaat, Michelle Franklin and Judith H. Myers -- Different Models of the Mode of Action of Bt 3d-Cry Toxins / Alejandra Bravo, Isabel Gómez, Gretel Mendoza, Meztlli Gaytán and Mario Soberón -- Roles of Insect Midgut Cadherin in Bt Intoxication and Resistance / Jeffrey A. Fabrick and Yidong Wu -- Mechanism of Cry1Ac Resistance in Cabbage Loopers - A Resistance Mechanism Selected in Insect Populations in an Agricultural Environment / Ping Wang -- Roles of ABC Proteins in the Mechanism and Management of Bt Resistance / David G. Heckel -- The Role of Proteolysis in the Biological Activity of Bt Insecticidal Crystal Proteins / Igor A. Zalunin, Elena N. Elpidina and Brenda Oppert -- The Lessons that Caenorhabditis elegans Has Taught Us About the Mechanism of Action of Crystal Proteins / Anand Sitaram and Raffi Aroian -- The Development and Prospect of Discovery of Bt Toxin Genes / Jie Zhang, Changlong Shu and Zeyu Wang -- Cry Toxin Binding Site Models and their Use in Strategies to Delay Resistance Evolution / Siva Jakka, Juan Ferré and Juan Luis Jurat-Fuentes -- Countering Pest Resistance with Genetically Modified Bt Toxins / Mario Soberón, Blanca Ines García-Gómez, Sabino Pacheco, Jorge Sánchez, Bruce E. Tabashnik and Alejandra Bravo -- RNA Interference Strategy for Crop Protection Against Insect Pests / Sneha Yogindran and Manchikatla V. Rajam -- Resistance Management for Bt Maize and Above-ground Lepidopteran Targets in the USA : From Single Gene to Pyramided Traits / Fangneng Huang -- Insect Resistance Management and Integrated Pest Management for Bt Crops : Prospects for an Area-wide View / William D. Hutchison.

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